Kontent qismiga oʻtish

Fabergé tuxumi

Vikipediya, ochiq ensiklopediya
Imperial Coronation tuxumi, barcha Faberge tuxumlarining eng mashhur va ramziylaridan biri.
Moskva Kreml tuxumi, 1906-yil.

Faberge tuxumi (ruscha: яйцо Фаберже́) - Rossiyaning Sankt-Peterburg shahridagi House of Fabergé zargarlik firmasi tomonidan yaratilgan marvarid tuxumlardir. Jami 69 ta tuxum yaratilib, ulardan 57 tasi bugungi kungacha saqlanib qolgan. Deyarli barchasi 1885—1917-yillarda Piter Karl Faberge nazorati ostida ishlab chiqarilgan[1][2]. Eng mashhurlari 52 ta "Imperial" tuxumlar bo'lib, ulardan 46 tasi saqlanib qolgan. Ushbu tuxumlar rus podsholari Aleksandr III va Nikolay II uchun ularning xotinlari va onalariga Pasxa sovg'asi sifatida taqdim qilingan[3]. Faberge tuxumlari millionlab dollarga baholanadi va boylik timsoliga aylangan[4].

Tarixi

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Faberge uyi 1842-yilda Rossiyaning Sankt-Peterburg shahrida Gustav Faberge tomonidan tashkil etilgan. Faberge tuxumi keyinchalik uning o'g'li Piter Karl Faberge tomonidan mahsulotlar qatoriga qo'shildi.

1885-yilgacha podshoh Aleksandr III xotini imperatritsa Mariya Fedorovnaga zargarlik buyumlari bilan bezatilgan Pasxa tuxumlarini berdi[5]. 1883-yilda Pasxa bayramida, uning toj kiyishidan oldin, Aleksandr III va Mariya Fedorovnaga tuxum berildi. Ulardan birida kumush xanjar va ikkita bosh suyagi bor edi[5]. Tuxumda “Masih tirildi” va “Bizni ezib tashlashingiz mumkin, lekin biz nigilistlar qayta tirilamiz!” degan yozuvlar yozilgan edi[5].

1885-yil Pasxa bayrami oldidan Aleksandr III ning ukasi Buyuk Gertsog Vladimir Aleksandrovich Piter Karl Fabergega marvarid tuxumini yaratishni taklif qildi[5]. Ushbu turdagi tuxum XVIII asrda Daniya qirollik kolleksiyasi uchun tayyorlangan fil suyagi tovuq tuxumidan namuna olgan deb ishoniladi[5]. U tovuq tuxumi sifatida tanilgan, 2,5 dyuymli tashqi emal qobig'i va o'rtasida oltin tasmasi bor[5]. Tuxum ochilib, ichida oltin "sarig'i" paydo bo'ladi. U ochilib, oltin somonda o'tirgan oltin tovuq ko'rinadi[5][5]. Ichida imperator tojining miniatyura olmos nusxasi va yoqutdan yasalgan marjon mavjud. Lekin bu ikki element yoʻqolgan[6]. Ushbu buyum 1885-yil 1-mayda podshohga berildi[5]. Tuxumning narxi 4151 rubl edi[5]. Olti hafta o'tgach, podshoh Fabergeni Imperator hukumati ta'minotchisi lavozimiga tayinladi[5].

Mariya bu sovg'adan juda xursand bo'lib, Aleksandr Fabergeni "Imperator tojiga maxsus tayinlangan zargar" etib tayinladi va keyingi yili yana bir tuxumni buyurtma qildi. Shundan so'ng, Peter Carl Fabergéga (Piter Karl Faberge) kelajakdagi imperator Pasxa tuxumlarini loyihalash uchun to'liq erkinlik berildi va ularning dizayni yanada murakkablashdi. Faberge oilasining ma'lumotlariga ko'ra, hatto podshoh ham ular qanday shaklda bo'lishini bilmas edi. Ularga qo'yiladigan yagona talab - har biri ajabtovur va o'ziga xos bo'lishi kerak edi. Faberge dastlabki dizaynni tasdiqlaganidan so'ng, ishni hunarmandlar jamoasi amalga oshirdi. Hunarmandlar jamoasida Maykl Perxin, Henrik Vigström va Erik August Kollin ham bor edi. 

1894-yil 1-noyabrda Aleksandr III vafotidan soʻng uning oʻgʻli Nikolay II xotini Aleksandra Fedorovnaga va onasi Mariya Fedorovnaga Faberge tuxumini sovgʻa qildi. Manbalar shuni ko'rsatadiki, 50 ta imperator Pasxa tuxumidan 20 tasi xotiniga, 30 tasi onasiga berilgan. Tuxum har yili, 1904 va 1905-yildagi rus-yapon urushi davridan tashqari, ishlab chiqarilgan[7].

Imperator tuxumlari katta shuhrat qozongan. Faberge bir nechta xususiy mijozlar uchun, jumladan Marlboro gertsoginyasi, Rotshildlar oilasi va Yusupovlar uchun xuddi shunday tuxum ishlab chiqarish topshirig'ini olgan. Faberge, shuningdek, sanoatchi Aleksandr Kelch uchun o'n ikkita tuxum tayyorlash buyurtmasini oldi. Ammo ulardan taxminan yettitasi tugallangan[8][9].

Inqilob va 1918-yilda Sankt-Peterburgdagi Faberge ustaxonasi bolsheviklar tomonidan milliylashtirilgach, Faberge oilasi Rossiyani tark etdi. Fabergé savdo belgisi o'shandan beri bir necha bor sotilgan va bir nechta kompaniyalar Fabergé nomidan foydalanib, tuxum bilan bog'liq mahsulotlarni chakana narxlarda sotgan. 1998-yildan 2009-yilgacha Viktor Mayer zargarlik kompaniyasi Unilever litsenziyasi bo'yicha ruxsat berilgan Fabergé tuxumlarini cheklangan miqdorda ishlab chiqargan. Savdo belgisi hozirda tuxum shaklidagi zargarlik buyumlarini ishlab chiqaruvchi Fabergé Limited kompaniyasiga tegishli[10].

Tuxumlar ro'yxati

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Faberge imperator Pasxa tuxumlari ro'yxati

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Quyida imperator oilasi uchun tayyorlangan tuxumlarning xronologiyasi keltirilgan. Tuxumlar yaratilish davriga ko'ra joylashtirilgan. Avvalgi xronologiyada Moviy ilon soati tuxumi 1887-yilga to'g'ri kelgan va 1895-yilgi tuxum o'n ikki monogramli tuxum sifatida aniqlangan. Ilgari yo'qolgan Uchinchi Imperial Pasxa tuxumining topilishi quyidagi xronologiyani tasdiqlaydi[11].

Sana Tuxum Tasvir Tavsif Egasi
1885 Tovuq "Qimmatbaho tovuq tuxumi" nomi bilan ham tanilgan. U Faberge nazorati ostida rus imperator oilasi uchun tayyorlangan 54 ta zargarlik tuxumidan iborat seriyadagi birinchi tuxum edi. Tuxum 1885-yilda Aleksandr IIIga yetkazib berilgan. Tsarina va podshoh tuxumdan shunchalik zavqlanishganki, Aleksandr III har Pasxada xotini uchun Fabergedan yangi tuxum buyurtma qilgan. Viktor Vekselberg
1886 Sapfir shokilali Hen Savatdagi tovuq tuxumi bilan nomi ostida ham tanilgan. Ushbu tuxum 1886-yilda Aleksandr III buyurtmasiga binoan, uning xotini imperatritsa Mariya Feodorovnaga sovg'a qilish uchun yasalgan. 1902-yilgi mazkur fotosuratda imperatritsa Mariya Fedorovna va imperator Aleksandr IIIga tegishli Faberge Imperial Pasxa tuxumlari ko'rsatilgan. Bu rasmdagi Faberge tuxumlari orasida safir shokilali tovuq (Fabergé tuxumi) boʻlishi mumkin. Yo'qolgan
1887 Uchinchi imperial Vacheron & Constantin soatlari bilan zargarlik va sariq-oltin tuxum arslon panjalari oyoqlari orasida joylashgan va atirgul olmos kamonlari bilan ko'k sapfirlarda osilgan tilla rangli gulchambarlar bilan o'ralgan asl shtativ poydevorda joylashgan. Amerika qora bozoridan topilganidan so'ng 2014-yilda Londondagi zargar Wartski tomonidan noma'lum shaxsiy kolleksiyachi uchun sotib olingan[12]. Shaxsiy kolleksiya[13]
1888 Aravadagi farishta Also known as the Angel with Egg in Chariot, crafted and delivered in 1888 to Alexander III. This is one of the lost imperial eggs. Few details are known about it. Yo'qolgan
1889 Nécessaire Crafted and delivered to Alexander III, who presented it to his wife, Maria Feodorovna, on Easter 1889. Yo'qolgan
1890 Daniya saroylari Alexander III presented it to his wife, Maria Feodorovna, on Easter 1890. Matilda Geddings Gray Tashkilot, 2021-yilgacha New York Cityda joylashgan Metropolitan muzeyida saqlangan[14]
1891 Azov xotirasi Kremlin Armoury, Moskva, Rossiya
1892 Trellis olmosi The surprise, an elephant automaton thought to have been lost for many years, was identified in 2015 as being in the collection of the British Royal Collection Trust. Dorothy and Artie McFerrin kolleksiyasi, AQSh
1893 Kavkaz Matilda Geddings Gray Tashkilot,

New York Citydagi Metropolitan muzeyida namoyish etilgan

1894 Renessans One theory is that the surprise is another Fabergé egg, the Resurrection, which perfectly fits the curvature of the Renaissance egg's shell and has a similar decoration in enamel on the base. Viktor Vekselberg
1895 Rosebud Viktor Vekselberg
1895 Moviy ilon soati Before March 2014, it was mistaken for the Third Imperial egg. Monako shahzodasi Albert II kolleksiyasi, Monte-Karlo, Monako
1896 Rok-kristal Also known as the Revolving Miniatures Egg Virjiniya tasviriy san'at muzeyi
1896 O'n ikki monogramma Also known as the Alexander III Portraits egg. Surprise is missing. Hillwood muzeyi, Washington, D.C., AQSh
1897 Imperator toji Viktor Vekselberg
1897 Mauve Only the egg's surprise (pictured) has been found. Yo'qolgan

Viktor Vekselberg
1898 Vodiy liliyalari Made under the supervision of Fabergé in 1898 by Fabergé ateliers. The supervising goldsmith was Michael Perchin. The egg is one of two in the Art Nouveau style. It was presented on 5 April to Tsar Nicholas II and given to the tsaritsa, Empress Alexandra Fyodorovna. Viktor Vekselberg
1898 Pelican Virjiniya tasviriy san'at muzeyi, Richmond, Virjiniya, AQSh
1899 Liliya guldastasi soati Orujeynaya palata, Moskva, Rossiya
1899 Pansy Also known as the Spinach Jade Egg, made by Fabergé in 1899 for Tsar Nicholas II and given to Empress Maria Feodoronova as a gift. The egg has a mechanism which when pressed will allow the heart inside to open up as a pendant containing pictures of family members. Made of nephrite, silver-gilt, diamonds, white, red, green and opaque violet enamel. Heart surprise made of varicolored gold, diamonds, pearls, enamel, and mother of pearl. Matilda Gray Stream, AQSh
1900 Trans-Sibir temir yo'li Orujeynaya palata, Moskva, Rossiya
1900 Xo'rozcha Viktor Vekselberg
1901 Gullar savati Qirollik kolleksiyasi, London, Birlashgan Qirollik
1901 Gatchina saroyi Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, Maryland, AQSh
1902 Beda yaprog'i Orujeynaya palata, Moskva, Rossiya
1902 Imperiya nefriti The surprise is a miniature portrait of Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia and Duke Peter Alexandrovich of Oldenburg (original lost). Shaxsiy kolleksiya, New York City[15]
1903 Buyuk Pyotr Virginia tasviriy san'at muzeyi, Richmond, Virginia, AQSh
1903 Daniya qirolligi Yo'qolgan
1906 Moskva Kremlin Orujeynaya palata, Moskva, Rossiya
1906 Oqqush Edouard and Maurice Sandoz tashkiloti, Shveysariya
1907 Atirgul panjarasi Walters san'at muzeyi, Baltimore, Maryland, AQSh
1907 Gulchambarli beshik "Sevgi kuboklari" tuxumi deb ham ataladi Shaxsiy kolleksiya, Robert M. Lee, AQSh
1908 Alexandr saroyi Orujeynaya palata, Moskva, Rossiya
1908 Tovus Edouard and Maurice Sandoz jamiyati, Shveysariya
1909 Standart yaxta Orujeynaya palata, Moskva, Rossiya
1909 Alexandr III esdaligi Yo'qolgan
1910 Kolonnada Qirollik kolleksiyasi, London, Birlashgan Qirollik
1910 Alexandr III otlig'i Orujeynaya palata, Moskva, Rossiya
1911 O'n beshinchi yubiley Viktor Vekselberg
1911 Dafna daraxti Also known as the Orange Tree egg Viktor Vekselberg
1912 Tsarevich Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Richmond, Virginia, US
1912 Napoleonik Matilda Geddings Gray jamiyati.

Metropolitan san'at muzeyida namoyish etilgan, New York City

1913 Romanov uch yuz yilligi Orujeynaya palata, Moskva, Rossiya
1913 Qish Designed by Alma Pihl, the only female and one of the best known Fabergé workmasters, as a gift to Maria Feodorovna by her son Nicholas II. The exterior of the egg resembles frost and ice crystals formed on clear glass. It is studded with 1,660 diamonds and is made from quartz, platinum, and orthoclase. The surprise is a miniature flower basket studded with 1,378 diamonds and is made from platinum and gold, while the flowers are made of white quartz and the leaves of demantoid. The flowers lie in gold moss. The egg is 102 millimeters high. Ushbu tuxum Qatar amiri Hamad bin Xalifa al Thani tomonidan sotib olingani haqida xabar berilgan[16].
1914 Mozaik Qirollik kolleksiyasi, London, Birlashgan Qirollik
1914 Buyuk Yekaterina Also known as the "Grisaille". The egg was made by Henrik Wigström, "Fabergé's last head workmaster". It was given to Maria Feodorovna by her son Nicholas II. Its surprise (now lost) was "a mechanical sedan chair, carried by two blackamoors, with Catherine the Great seated inside".[17] Hillwood muzeyi, Washington, D.C., AQSh
1915 Triptikli qizil xoch Cleveland san'at muzeyi, Cleveland, Ogayo, AQSh
1915 Imperator belgili qizil xoch Virginia tasviriy san'at muzeyi, Richmond, Virginia, AQSh
1916 Harbiy po'lat Orujeynaya palata, Moskva, Rossiya
1916 Avliyo Georg ordeni Made during World War I, the Order of St. George egg commemorates the Order of St. George that was awarded to Emperor Nicholas and his son, the Grand Duke Alexei Nikolaievich.[18] The Order of St. George Egg and its counterpart, the Steel Military Egg, were of modest design, in keeping with the austerity of World War I,[19] and Fabergé billed 13,347 rubles for the two.[18] The Order of St. George egg left Bolshevik Russia with its original recipient, the Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna.[20] Viktor Vekselberg
1917 Karelia qayini Created in 1917, the egg was due to be completed and delivered to the Tsar that Easter, as a present for his mother, the Empress Maria Feodorovna. Before the egg could be delivered, the February Revolution took place and Nicholas II was forced to abdicate on 15 March. On 25 April, Fabergé sent the Tsar an invoice for the egg, addressing Nicholas II not as "Tsar of all the Russians" but as "Mr. Romanov, Nikolai Aleksandrovich". Nicholas paid 12,500 rubles, and the egg was sent to Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich at his palace for presentation to the empress, but the duke fled before it arrived. The egg remained in the palace until it was stolen in the wake of the October Revolution later that year. Aleksandr Ivanov. Baden-Badendagi Ivanov

Fabergé muzeyida namoyish etilgan. Germaniya.

1917 Burj Because of the 1917 February Revolution and subsequent events, this egg was never finished or presented to Nicholas's wife, the Tsaritsa Alexandra Feodorovna. Fersman mineralogiya muzeyi

Kelch tuxumlari ro'yxati

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Faberge, shuningdek, Sibir oltin konining sanoatchisi Aleksandr Ferdinandovich Kelchdan rafiqasi Barbara (Varvara) Kelch-Bazanovaga sovg'a qilish uchun tuxum tayyorlash buyurtmasini oldi. Uning ustaxonasi tomonidan ishlab chiqarilganligi sababli ular ham "Faberge tuxumlari" deb nomlangan bo'lsa-da, bu tuxumlar imperator tuxumlari kabi murakkab emas edi va dizayn jihatidan noyob emas edi. Ular ko'pchilik boshqa tuxumlarning nusxalari edi.

Sana Tuxum Tasvir Tavsif Egasi
1898-yil Tovuq Viktor Vekselberg
1899-yil O'n ikki panel Fayl:Twelve Panel (Fabergé egg).jpeg Qirollik kolleksiyasi, London, Buyuk Britaniya
1900-yil Qarag'ay konusi Shaxsiy kolleksiya
1901-yil Olma guli Lixtenshteyn milliy muzeyi
1902-yil Rocaille Doroti va Arti MakFerrin to'plami
1903-yil Bonbonnier Marhum Kerri Pakerning mulki
1904-yil Chanticleer Viktor Vekselberg

Boshqa Faberge tuxumlari

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
Sana Tuxum Rasm Tavsif Egasi
1885–1891 Moviy chiziqli emal Shaxsiy kolleksiya
1902-yil Marlboro gersogligi Viktor Vekselberg
1902-yil Rotshild Ermitaj muzeyi, Sankt-Peterburg, Rossiya
1907-yil Yusupov Louis XVI uslubi. Feliks Feliksovich Sumarokov-Elston tomonidan Zinaida Yusupovaga (Yusupovlarning 7- malikasi) berilgan. Tuxum malika bolsheviklar inqilobidan qochib ketganida Rossiyada gumbazda qoldirilgan, ammo uni rus amaldorlari topib sotishgan. Maurice Yves Sandoz uni 1953-yilda sotib olgan (shuning uchun tuxum medalyonlarida o'yilgan "M, Y, S"). Musée d'Horlogerie du Locle'da namoyish etilgan.[21] Sandoz fondi (1995-yildan)
1914-yil Nobel muzi Doroti va Arti MakFerrin to'plami
1885–89 Masihning tirilishi Ehtimol, 1894-yildagi Uyg'onish davri tuxumidan olingan ajablanib[22] Viktor Vekselberg
1899—1903-yillar Bahor gullari Ehtimol, haqiqiy emas Viktor Vekselberg
1899—1903-yillar Skandinaviya Viktor Vekselberg

Tuxumlarning joylashuvi

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Ma'lum bo'lgan 69 ta Faberge tuxumidan[note 1] 57 tasi hozirgi kungacha saqlanib qolgan. Imperator Pasxa tuxumlarining o'ntasi Moskvadagi Kreml qurol-yarog' muzeyida namoyish etilgan. Yetkazib berilgan 50 ta[23] imperator tuxumidan 44 tasi saqlanib qolgan va yoʻqolgan olti tuxumdan uchtasining fotosuratlari mavjud. Ular 1903-yilgi Daniya qirollik tuxumi, 1909-yilgi Aleksandr III esdalik tuxumi va 1889-yilgi nesesser tuxumi[15]. Yo'qolgan Uchinchi Imperial Pasxa tuxumi 1887-yilda AQShda topilgan va Wartski tomonidan shaxsiy kolleksiya uchun sotib olingan[24]. Yo'qolgan 6 ta imperator tuxumining barchasi Mariya Fedorovnaga tegishli edi[25].

Rus inqilobidan keyin bolsheviklar Faberge uyini milliylashtirdilar va Faberge oilasi Shveysariyaga qochib ketdi. U yerda 1920-yilda Piter Karl Faberge vafot etdi[26]. Imperator oilasining saroylari talon-toroj qilindi va ularning xazinalari Vladimir Lenin buyrug'i bilan Kreml qurol-yaroq palatasiga ko'chirildi[26].

Ko'proq xorijiy valyutaga ega bo'lish istagida Iosif Stalin 1927-yilda Agathon Karl Teodor Faberge tomonidan baholangan tuxumlarning ko'pini sotgan. 1930—1933-yillarda Rossiyani 14 ta imperator tuxumi tark etdi. Tuxumlarning ko'p qismi Armand Hammerga (Occidental Petroleum prezidenti va otasi Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Kommunistik partiyasining asoschisi bo'lgan Leninning shaxsiy do'sti) va London antikvari Wartski sotuvchisi Emanuel Snowmanga sotilgan.

Kreml qurol-yarog'idagi to'plamdan so'ng, Faberge tuxumlarining eng katta zahirasi Malkolm Forbes tomonidan yig'ildi va Nyu-Yorkda namoyish etildi. Jami to'qqiz tuxum va taxminan 180 ta Faberge buyumlaridan iborat kolleksiya 2004-yil fevral oyida Forbes merosxo'rlari tomonidan Sotheby's auktsioniga qo'yilishi kerak edi. Biroq, kim oshdi savdosi boshlanishidan oldin, kolleksiya oligarx Viktor Vekselberg tomonidan to'liq sotib olindi[27]. 2013-yilda BBC Four hujjatli filmida Vekselberg to'qqizta Faberge tuxumini sotib olish uchun 100 million dollardan sal koʻproq pul sarflaganini ma'lum qildi. Oligarx ularni hech qachon o'z uyida namoyish qilmagani va ularni Rossiya tarixi va madaniyati uchun muhim bo'lganligi uchun sotib olganini, ular dunyodagi eng yaxshi zargarlik san'ati asarlari ekanligiga ishonishini aytdi. Oʻsha BBC hujjatli filmida Vekselberg oʻzining kollektsiyasidagi tuxumlar namoyish etiladigan muzey ochishni rejalashtirayotganini aytdi[28]. Muzey 2013-yil 19-noyabrda Rossiyaning Sankt-Peterburg shahrida Faberge xususiy muzeyi sifatida ochildi[note 2][29].

2007-yil noyabr oyida Christie's auksion uyi tomonidan Rotshild tuxumi nomini olgan Faberge soati auksionda 8,9 million funt sterlingga (16,5 million dollar) (komissiya bilan birga) sotildi[30]. Tuxumning narxi uchta auksion rekordini o'rnatdi: u kim oshdi savdosida sotilgan eng qimmat rus soati va Faberge ob'ekti bo'lib, undan oldin 2002-yilda 1913-yil qish tuxumi 9,6 mln dollarga sotilgan edi[31].

1989-yilda San-Diego san'at festivali doirasida 26 ta Faberge tuxumi San-Diego san'at muzeyida namoyish qilish uchun ijaraga berilgan. Bu Rossiya inqilobidan keyingi Faberge tuxumlarining eng katta ko'rgazmasi edi[32]. Tuxumlarning sakkiztasi Kremldan[note 3], toʻqqiztasi Forbes kolleksiyasidan[note 4], uchtasi Yangi Orlean sanʼat muzeyidan[note 5], ikkitasi Qirollik kolleksiyasidan[note 6], bittasi Klivlend san'at muzeyidan[note 7] va uchtasi shaxsiy kolleksiyalardan olingan[note 8].

"Imperial" tuxumlarining joylashuvi

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
Joy/egasi Tuxumlar soni To'plamdagi tuxum
Kreml qurolxonasi, Moskva, Rossiya 10 Azov xotirasi, guldasta guldastasi soati, Trans-Sibir temir yo'li, yonca bargi, Moskva Kremli, Aleksandr saroyi, standart yaxta, Aleksandr III otliq, Romanovning uch yuz yilligi, po'lat harbiy
Viktor Vekselbergning Link of Times fondi,
Faberge muzeyi, Sankt-Peterburg, Rossiya 		9 Tovuq, Uyg'onish, Rosebud, Toj kiyish, Zambaklar, Kokerel, O'n beshinchi yilligi, Bay daraxti, Avliyo Jorj ordeni
Virjiniya tasviriy san'at muzeyi, Richmond, Virjiniya, AQSh 5 Aylanadigan miniatyuralar, Pelikan, Buyuk Pyotr, Czarevich, Imperator portretlari bilan Qizil Xoch
Qirollik kolleksiyasi, London, Buyuk Britaniya 3 Yovvoyi gullar savati, ustunlar, mozaika
Matilda Geddings Grey fondi (Metropolitan san'at muzeyida, Nyu-York shahri, AQShda namoyish etilgan) 3 Daniya saroylari, Kavkaz, Napoleon
Eduard va Moris Sandoz fondi, Lozanna, Shveysariya 2 Oqqush, tovus
Hillwood Estate, Muzey va bog'lar, Vashington, Kolumbiya okrugi, AQSh 2 O'n ikki monogramma, Buyuk Ketrin
Walters san'at muzeyi, Baltimor, Merilend, AQSh 2 Gatchina saroyi, Rose Trellis
Klivlend san'at muzeyi, Klivlend, Ogayo, AQSh 1 Triptych bilan Qizil Xoch
Monako shahzodasi Albert II kolleksiyasi, Monte-Karlo, Monako 1 Moviy ilon soati
Aleksandr Ivanov (Germaniya, Baden-Badendagi Ivanovning Faberge muzeyida namoyish etilgan) 1 Karelian qayin (tuxum fevral inqilobi tufayli hech qachon podshohga berilmagan)
Qatar davlati 1 Qish
Doroti va Arti MakFerrin to'plami 1 Olmos panjarasi
Alohida shaxsiy kolleksiyalar 4 Pansy, sevgi kuboklari, uchinchi imperator tuxumi, imperiya

Kelch tuxumlarining joylashishi

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
Joy/egasi Tuxumlar soni To'plamdagi tuxum
Viktor Vekselbergning "Link of Times" jamg'armasi,
Faberge muzeyi, Sankt-Peterburg, Rossiya 		2 Kelch Hen, Chanticleer
Qirollik kolleksiyasi, London, Buyuk Britaniya 1 O'n ikki panel
Lixtenshteyn milliy muzeyi 1 Olma guli
Doroti va Arti MakFerrin to'plami 1 Rokail
Alohida shaxsiy kolleksiyalar 2 Qarag'ay konuslari, Bonbonnier

Boshqa tuxumlarning joylashishi

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
Joy/egasi Tuxumlar soni To'plamdagi tuxum
Viktor Vekselbergning "Link of Times" jamg'armasi,
Faberge muzeyi, Sankt-Peterburg, Rossiya 		4 Marlboro gersoginyasi, Tirilish, bahor gullari, Skandinaviya
Klivlend san'at muzeyi 1 Lapis Lazuli
Doroti va Arti MakFerrin to'plami 1 Nobel muzi
Eduard va Moris Sandoz fondi, Lozanna, Shveysariya 1 Yusufov
Ermitaj muzeyi, Sankt-Peterburg, Rossiya 1 Rotshild
Shaxsiy kolleksiya 1 Moviy chiziqli emal

Ommaviy madaniyatda

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Faberge tuxumlari san'at olamida va madaniyatda mashhur kult maqomiga ega bo'ldi. Ko'rgazmalar, filmlar, teleseriallar, hujjatli filmlar, multfilmlar, nashrlar va yangiliklarda namoyish etilib, ularga qiziqish davom etmoqda. Ular Romanovlar sulolasi va Rossiya imperiyasining ulug'vorligi, kuchi va boyligining timsoliga aylangan.

Shunday qilib, ular "Oktopussi" (1983), "Janob Belvedere" ("Strike" epizodi, 1985), "O'g'rilar orasidagi sevgi" (1987), "U yozgan qotillik" kabi bir nechta filmlar va teleseriallarda syujetning bir qismi bo'lgan. "An Egg to Die For" (1994), The Simpsons epizodi " "Round Springfild" (1995) [bunda jazz musiqachisi Bleeding Gums Merfi Faberge tuxumini sotib olishga moyilligi haqida gapiradi], Case Closed: The Last Wizard of the Century (1999), Buyurtma (2001), "M.I.A."dagi Relic Hunter epizodi (2001), Okeanning o'n ikkisi (2004), Simpsonlar epizodlari "Qizil qalpoqli Mamaslarning oxirgisi" (2005), Qalin o'g'rilar (2009), 2010-yilgi Leverage ("Zanzibar Marketplace Job") teleseriali, Amerikalik ota! epizodi "Smit uchun Jons" (2010), The Intouchables (2011), Hustle epizodi "Eat Yourself Slender" (2012), Scooby Du! Mystery Incorporated epizodi "The House of the Nightmare Witch" (2012)[33], Person of Interest epizod "Search and Destroy" (2015), Imperial Eight (2015)[34], Britaniya kriminal dramasi Peaky Blinders ("Lilies" Vodiy tuxumi, 2016-yilning 3-mavsumi, 6-qismi, “Moskva” epizodi (2016),[35] Oʻyin kechasi (2018), “Ikki paporotnik oʻrtasida: film” ( 2019), Eurovision qoʻshiq tanlovi: Olov dostonining hikoyasi (2020), Lyupin (2021) va Bhamakalapam (2022)[36] kabilarda faberge tuxumlari ko'rsatilgan.

Danielle Stilning 1988-yilgi "Zoya " romanida Faberge tuxumi zodagon oilaning qolgan ikki a'zosining esdaligi sifatida ko'rsatilgan. 2011-yilgi raqamli karta o'yini Cabals: Magic & Battle Cards to'plam kartasi sifatida Fabergé tuxumini taqdim etadi. 2017-yilda vizual rassom Jonatan Monagan Baltimordagi Uolters san'at muzeyida Faberge tuxumlarini kulgili va syurreal tarzda qayta talqin qilgan bir qator raqamli nashrlarni namoyish etdi[37].

MJ Rosening 2021-yilgi "So'nggi Tiara " romanida bosh qahramon marhum onasining kvartirasida Faberge tiarasini topadi. Bu kashfiyot uni tiara qanday qilib onasining qo'liga o'tganini va uning otasi Faberge ishchisi ekanligini bilish uchun sayohatga boshlaydi.

Manbalar

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Izohlar

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
  1. ↑ the 50 delivered Imperial eggs, the Karelian Birch Egg, the seven Kelch eggs, the Duchess of Marlborough, the Rothschild, the Youssoupov, Nobel, Resurrection, Spring Flowers, and Blue Striped Enamel eggs—total 65
  2. ↑ The foundation supporting the Fabergé Museum in Saint Petersburg is the Link of Times Foundation, which has been repatriated lost cultural valuables to Russia.
  3. ↑ Memory of Azov, Bouquet of Lilies Clock, Trans-Siberian Railway, Alexander Palace, Standart Yacht, Alexander III Equestrian, Romanov Tercentenary, and Steel Military
  4. ↑ Renaissance, Rosebud, Coronation, Lilies of the Valley, Cockerel, Bay Tree, Fifteenth Anniversary, Order of St. George, and Spring Flowers
  5. ↑ Danish Palaces, Caucasus, and Napoleonic
  6. ↑ Colonnade and Mosaic
  7. ↑ Red Cross with Triptych
  8. ↑ Pansy, Love Trophies, and Blue Striped Enamel

Manbalar

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
  1. ↑ Love, Suzi. Easter In Images: Book 2 History Events (inglizcha). Suzi Love, 1-aprel 2014-yil. ISBN 978-0-9923456-9-3. 
  2. ↑ Collinson, Howard. Documenting Design: Works on Paper in the European Collection of the Royal Ontario Museum (inglizcha). Royal Ontario Museum, 1993. ISBN 978-0-8020-0557-1. 
  3. ↑ „Faberge eggs, marble sausage go on display in Moscow“. Reuters (7-aprel 2011-yil). 30-avgust 2019-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 30-avgust 2019-yil.
  4. ↑ „Suspected Fabergé egg found on Russian oligarch's superyacht, US investigators say“ (inglizcha). the Guardian (21-iyul 2022-yil). Qaraldi: 21-iyul 2022-yil.
  5. ↑ 5,00 5,01 5,02 5,03 5,04 5,05 5,06 5,07 5,08 5,09 5,10 Faber 2008.
  6. ↑ „Article on the first Hen egg“. wintraecken.nl (13-noyabr 2008-yil). 2016-yil 24-iyunda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 26-mart 2012-yil.
  7. ↑ „Current whereabouts of the fifty Fabergé Imperial eggs“. pbs.org (1999). 2016-yil 15-yanvarda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 20-yanvar 2016-yil.
  8. ↑ „Fabergé Eggs: 8 Little Known Facts“. Barnebys (2019-yil 15-aprel). Qaraldi: 5-may 2021-yil.
  9. ↑ „The 7 Kelch Eggs“. Mieks Fabergé Eggs (2021-yil 3-yanvar). Qaraldi: 5-may 2021-yil.
  10. ↑ Corder. „Faberge: A Regal Renaissance“. ProfessionalJeweller.com (18-noyabr 2011-yil). 2012-yil 15-iyunda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 26-mart 2012-yil.
  11. ↑ „Wartski“. 2014-yil 4-iyulda asl nusxadan arxivlangan.
  12. ↑ Singh, Anita. „The £20m Fabergé egg that was almost sold for scrap“. The Daily Telegraph (18-mart 2014-yil). 28-may 2014-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 19-mart 2014-yil.
  13. ↑ „V&A · Fabergé in London: Romance to Revolution - Exhibition at South Kensington“. Victoria and Albert Museum.
  14. ↑ „Fabergé from the Matilda Geddings Gray Foundation Collection November 22, 2011 – November 30, 2021“. Museum of Modern Art. 2015-yil 5-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 5-sentabr 2015-yil.
  15. ↑ 15,0 15,1 Download (2017-yil yanvar). „(PDF) Fabergé: The Imperial "Empire" Egg of 1902. New York, 2017. | Dmitry Krivoshey, Valentin Skurlov, and Nicholas B.A. Nicholson“. Academia.edu. Qaraldi: 30-avgust 2019-yil. {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (yordam); sana kiritilishi kerak boʻlgan parametrga berilgan qiymatni tekshirish lozim: |date= (yordam)
  16. ↑ Nikkhah, Roya. „Worth hunting for, the ultimate Easter eggs“. Daily Telegraph (16-mart 2008-yil). 1-may 2018-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 30-aprel 2018-yil.
  17. ↑ „Hillwood Estate, Museum & Gardens – The Catherine the Great Egg“. 2016-yil 20-noyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 24-avgust 2019-yil.
  18. ↑ 18,0 18,1 „Treasures of Imperial Russia“. treasuresofimperialrussia.com. 2007-yil 28-iyulda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 12-dekabr 2007-yil.
  19. ↑ „Mieks Fabergé Eggs“ (2016-yil may). 2016-yil 24-iyunda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 28-may 2016-yil.
  20. ↑ „Faberge“. Treasures of Imperial Russia. 2007-yil 28-iyulda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 26-mart 2012-yil.
  21. ↑ Doerr. „Parmigiani Fleurier And The Yusupov Fabergé Egg Of 1907“ (inglizcha). Quill & Pad (1-aprel 2018-yil). Qaraldi: 3-mart 2022-yil.
  22. ↑ „Faberge - Treasures of Imperial Russia“. 2013-yil 21-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 30-avgust 2019-yil.
  23. ↑ „Lost Fabergé Easter egg on show for first time in 112 years“. Reuters (7-aprel 2014-yil). 30-avgust 2019-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 30-avgust 2019-yil.
  24. ↑ Singh, Anita. „The £20m Fabergé egg that was almost sold for scrap“. The Telegraph (18-mart 2014-yil). 28-may 2014-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 18-mart 2014-yil.
  25. ↑ „Mieks Fabergé Eggs“. www.wintraecken.nl.
  26. ↑ 26,0 26,1 „Faberge Eggs – the fate of the eggs“. Pbs.org. 2012-yil 25-mayda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 26-mart 2012-yil.
  27. ↑ „Buying Putin's Indulgences“. Energy Tribune. 2007-yil 14-noyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 26-mart 2012-yil.
  28. ↑ Manba xatosi: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named BBC
  29. ↑ „Home Page“. The Link of Times foundation. 2015-yil 15-avgustda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 5-sentabr 2015-yil.
  30. ↑ The clock was previously documented and had been published in 1964 in L'Objet 1900 by Maurice Rheims, plate 29
  31. ↑ Varoli, John. „Rothschilds' Faberge Egg Fetches Record $16.5 Million (Update2)“. Bloomberg L.P. (28-noyabr 2007-yil). 20-oktabr 2012-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 15-sentabr 2022-yil.
  32. ↑ „ANTIQUES; Not Imperial, but Still Faberge“. The New York Times (28-may 1989-yil). 28-dekabr 2016-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 7-fevral 2017-yil.
  33. ↑ Cook, Victor (31-iyul 2012-yil), The House of the Nightmare Witch, 11 February 2017da asl nusxadan arxivlandi, qaraldi: 29 March 2016{{citation}}: CS1 maint: date format ()
  34. ↑ „Road's End Films“. roadsendfilms.com. 2016-yil 8-aprelda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2-aprel 2016-yil.
  35. ↑ „Hooten & the Lady“. IMDb. 2017-yil 28-avgustda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 30-avgust 2017-yil.
  36. ↑ Dundoo, Sangeetha Devi. „'Bhamakalapam' movie review: Priyamani shines in this macabre crime comedy“. The Hindu (12-fevral 2022-yil).
  37. ↑ „Monaghan Exhibit at Walters Art Museum“ (inglizcha). The Catholic University of America. Qaraldi: 18-noyabr 2021-yil.

Adabiyotlar

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

 

Qo'shimcha o'qish

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

 

Havolalar

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Andoza:Fabergé eggAndoza:Russian souvenirsAndoza:Eggs 

"https://uz.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fabergé_tuxumi&oldid=3874054" dan olindi