Kontent qismiga oʻtish

Alstromeria

Vikipediya, ochiq ensiklopediya
Ink nilufari
[1]
[2]
Ilmiy tasniflashUshbu tasnifni tahrirlash
Olam: O‘simliklar
Tip: Gulli oʻsimliklar
Sinf: Bir urugʻpallalilar
Oila: Alstroemeriaceae
Binar nomi

(L.)
Sinonimlari
  • Alstremeria, alternative spelling
  • Ligtu Adans.
  • Lilavia Raf.
  • Priopetalon Raf.
  • Schickendantzia Pax
  • Taltalia Ehr.Bayer
Lalbag botanika bogʻidagi Alstroemeria × hybrida
Alstroemeriya „Saturn“

Alstroemeria (/ˌælstrɪˈmɪəriə/), odatda Peru nilufari yoki Inkalar nilufari deb ataladi, Alstroemeriaceae oilasiga mansub gulli oʻsimliklar turkumi. Ularning barchasi Janubiy Amerikadan kelib chiqqan, ammo baʼzilari Qoʻshma Shtatlar, Meksika, Avstraliya, Yangi Zelandiya, Madeyra va Kanar orollarida naturalizatsiya qilingan. Deyarli barcha turlar ikki xil xilma-xillik markazlaridan biridan paydo b‘lgan; biri Chilida, ikkinchisi sharqiy Braziliyada. Chilidagi Alstroemeria turlari qishda, Braziliyada esa yozda oʻsadi. A. graminea turidan tashqari, barchasi uzoq umr koʻradigan koʻp yillik oʻsimliklardir.

Bu turkumning oʻsimliklari tugunaklardan ko‘payadi. Unumdor tuproqda o‘suvchi turlarining bo‘yi 1,5 m gacha yetadi. Barglar navbatma-navbat joylashadi. Barglarning shakli oʻzgaruvchan va chetlar silliq qirralarga ega. Gullar yolgʻiz yoki soyabon to‘pgulda joylashgan. Har bir gulning uzunligi 5 centimetr (2.0 inches) gacha boʻlgan oltita barglari bor. Ular qizil, toʻq sariq, binafsha, yashil va oq ranglarda boʻladi. Oltita egri stamens mavjud. Meva uchta bo‘lakli ko‘sakdir[3].

Bu jinsni Yoxan Piter Falk va uning ilmiy rahbari Karl Linney 1762-yilda Planta Alströmeriya dissertatsiyasida tasvirlab bergan[4]

Bu turkum Linneyning doʻsti shved baroni Klas Alströmer (1736-1794) sharafiga nomlangan.

Oʻstirish va foydalanish

[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Oq, sariq, toʻq sariq, oʻrik, pushti, qizil, binafsha va lavanta kabi koʻplab ranglarga ega boplgan 190 nav ishlab chiqilgan. Bugungi kunda keng tarqalgan, eng mashhur va koʻzga koʻringan duragaylar Chili (qishda oʻsadigan) va Braziliyadagi (yozda oʻsadigan) turlarning chatishishi natijasida olingan. Bu nozik gullar 14 kungacha suvda hech qanday so‘lish belgilarisiz yashaydi[5].

Uy bogʻi uchun mo‘ljallangan koʻpchilik navlar bahorning oxirida va yozning boshida gullaydi. Ildizlari 23 °F (−5 °C) daraja haroratga chidamli. O‘simlik kamida olti soat ertalab quyosh nuri, muntazam suv va yaxshi quritilgan tuproqda yaxshi o‘sadi.

 

Baʼzi alstroemerialar begona oʻtlarga aylangan, masalan, Alstroemeria pulchella va A. aurea, hozir Avstraliyada begona oʻtlar hisoblanadi. 

Tasviri Nomi Tarqalishi
Alstroemeria achirae Maule
Alstroemeria albescens Rio Grande do Sul
Alstroemeria altoparadisea Goyas
Alstroemeria amabilis Braziliya
Alstroemeria amazonica Pará, Bolívar
Alstroemeria andina Chili, Argentina
Alstroemeria angustifolia Chili
Alstroemeria annapolina Goyas
Alstroemeria apertiflora Braziliya, Argentina, Paragvay
Alstroemeria aquidauanica Mato Grosso
Alstroemeria arnicana Goyas
Alstroemeria aulica Valparaíso
Alstroemeria aurea
Alstroemeria bahiensis Baiya
Alstroemeria bakeri Catamarca
Alstroemeria bilabiata Santyago
Alstroemeria brasiliensis Braziliya
Alstroemeria burchellii Goyas
Alstroemeria cabralensis Minas Jerais
Alstroemeria caiaponica Goyas
Alstroemeria calliantha Minas Jerais
Alstroemeria cantillanica OʻHiggins
Alstroemeria capixaba Espírito Santu
Alstroemeria caryophyllaea Braziliya
Alstroemeria chapadensis Matu Grosso
Alstroemeria chorillensis Peru
Alstroemeria crispata
Alstroemeria cuiabana Matu Grossu
Alstroemeria cultrifolia Brazilia
Alstroemeria cunha Braziliya
Alstroemeria decora Valparaíso
Alstroemeria diluta Chili
Alstroemeria discolor Valparaíso
Alstroemeria douradensis Goyas
Alstroemeria espigonensis Bahia
Alstroemeria exserens Chili, Argentina
Alstroemeria fiebrigiana Bolivia
Alstroemeria firmulifolia Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria foliosa Braziliya, Paraguay
Alstroemeria fuscovinosa Braziliya
Alstroemeria garaventae Chili
Alstroemeria gardneri Braziliya
Alstroemeria glaucandra Valparaíso
Alstroemeria gouveiana Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria graminea Chili
Alstroemeria hookeri Chili
Alstroemeria huemulina Bío Bío
Alstroemeria ibitipocae Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria igarapavica São Paulo
Alstroemeria inodora Brazil
Alstroemeria isabellana Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay
Alstroemeria itabiritensis Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria jequitiana Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria jocunda Santiago de Chile
Alstroemeria julieae Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria kingii Chile
Alstroemeria lactilutea Tarapacá
Alstroemeria landimana Brasília
Alstroemeria leporina Chile
Alstroemeria ligtu, St. Martinʼs flower Peru, Chile, Argentina
Alstroemeria litterata Mato Grosso
Alstroemeria longaviensis Maule
Alstroemeria longistaminea Brazil
Alstroemeria longistyla Goiás, Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria lutea Tarapacá
Alstroemeria magna Valparaíso
Alstroemeria magnifica Chile
Alstroemeria malmeana Brazil
Alstroemeria modesta Chile
Alstroemeria mollensis Coquimbo
Alstroemeria monantha Chile
Alstroemeria monticola Bahia, Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria nidularis Maule
Alstroemeria nivea Coquimbo
Alstroemeria ochracea Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria orchidioides Brasília, Goiás
Alstroemeria pallida Chile
Alstroemeria paraensis Pará
Alstroemeria patagonica southern Argentina, southern Chile
Alstroemeria paupercula Peru, northern Chile
Alstroemeria pelegrina, Peruvian lily Peru, Chile
Alstroemeria penduliflora Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria philippii northern Chile
Alstroemeria piauhyensis Brazil
Alstroemeria plantaginea Brazil, Venezuela
Alstroemeria poetica Chile
Alstroemeria polpaicana Santiago
Alstroemeria polyphylla Chile
Alstroemeria presliana Chile, Argentina
Alstroemeria pseudospathulata Chile, Argentina
Alstroemeria psittacina Brazil, Argentina; naturalized in Australia, New Zealand, Southeastern United States, southern Mexico, Madeira, Canary Islands
Alstroemeria pubiflora Goiás
Alstroemeria pudica Santiago
Alstroemeria pulchra Chile
Alstroemeria punctata Brasília, Goiás
Alstroemeria pygmaea Peru, Brazil, Argentina
Alstroemeria radula Brazil
Alstroemeria recumbens Chile
Alstroemeria revoluta Chile
Alstroemeria ribeirensis Paraná
Alstroemeria roseoviridis Mato Grosso do Sul
Alstroemeria rupestris Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria sabulosa Valparaíso
Alstroemeria schizanthoides Chile
Alstroemeria sellowiana Brazil
Alstroemeria spathulata Chile, Argentina
Alstroemeria speciosa São Paulo
Alstroemeria spectabilis Santiago
Alstroemeria stenopetala Goiás, Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria talcaensis Maule
Alstroemeria timida Santiago
Alstroemeria tombolatoana Goiás, Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria umbellata Chile, Argentina
Alstroemeria variegata Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria venusta Chile
Alstroemeria versicolor Chile
Alstroemeria virginalis Coquimbo
Alstroemeria viridiflora Brazil
Alstroemeria werdermannii Chile
Alstroemeria xavantinensis Mato Grosso
Alstroemeria yaelae Santiago
Alstroemeria zoelneri Chile
  1. (unspecified title)
  2. (unspecified title)
  3. Alstroemeria. Flora of North America.
  4. Linnaeus & Falk 1762.
  5. „Long Lasting Flowers“. 2022-yil 29-noyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 7-dekabr.