Iroq va Afgʻoniston

"Iroq va Afg'oniston" yodgorligi
	; "Iroq va Afg'oniston" yodgorligi 2007-yil
Koordinatalari	51/30/12.4/N/0/07/27.2/W
Joylashuv	Buyuk Britaniya London
Binokor	Dey Pol
Material	Bronza
Balandligi	5.50 metr
Qurila boshlagan	2014-yil
Qurilish tamomlangan	2017-yil
Xarita
Koordinatalari	51°30′12.2″N 0°7′27.5″W / 51.503389°N 0.124306°W

Iroq va Afgʻoniston yodgorligi — britaniyalik haykaltarosh Pol Day tomonidan 2017-yilda yaratilgan yodgorlik. Buyuk Britaniyada Londondagi Victoria Embankment Gardensda joylashgan. Buyuk Britaniya qirolichasi Yelizaveta II tomonidan ochilish marosimi o'tkazilgan.

Tarix

Yodgorlik Osiyodagi, Afgʻoniston va Iroq urushlarida qatnashgan harbiy xizmatchilarga, shuningdek,ta'lim va sog'liqni saqlash, boshqaruv hamda infratuzilma gumanitar yordam tarqatish, ushbu mamlakatlar aholisining hayotini yaxshilashga xizmat qilgan tinch aholiga bagʻishlab o'rnatilgan^[1]^[2]. Hammasi bo'lib, 1990-2015-yillarda, ya'ni Iroq va Afg'onistondagi urushlar paytida 682 nafar Britaniya fuqarolari halok bo'ldi^[3]^[4]. 2014-yil 8-noyabr kuni Buyuk Britaniya Bosh vaziri Devid Kemeron 2006-2010-yillarda Iroq va Afgʻonistondagi operatsiyalarga rahbarlik qilgan sobiq Mudofaa shtabi boshligʻi Lord Stirrapaga mablag' yig'ish va ushbu urushlar qatnashchilari uchun milliy yodgorlik qurish uchun vasiylar kengashiga rahbarlik qilishni taklif qildi^[5]^[6]. Lord Stirrupdan tashqari, yodgorlikni o'rnatish bo'yicha vasiylar kengashi tarkibiga 2001-2003 va 2003-2006-yillarda sobiq mudofaa shtab boshliqlari Lord Boysva Lord Uoker, shuningdek, haykaltarosh Pol Day kirgan^[7].

Sarmoya yig'ish

Ushbu tashabbusni The Sun^[8] muharrirlari qo'llab-quvvatlab, moliyaviy yordam so'rab Buyuk Britaniyaning yirik kompaniyalariga murojaat qildilar^[9]. Shuningdek, turli raqamlarga 3 yoki 10 funt sterlingni hisobdan yechib olish bilan “DUTY” matnli xabarlarni yuborish hamda 10 ming funtgacha xayriya qilish uchun maʼlum bir raqamga qoʻngʻiroq qilish orqali mablagʻ yigʻish kampaniyasi boshlab yuborishdi^[10]. 2015-yil mart oyiga kelib 750 000 funt sterling yigʻilgan edi, sababi Lord Ashkroft tomonidan 50 000 funt sterling xayriya qilganidan soʻng moliya kansleri Jorj Osborn hukumat LIBOR ma’lumotlarini soxtalashtirish uchun banklarga qoʻyilgan jarimalardan yana 500 000 funt ajratganini e’lon qildi^[11]^[12]. O'sha yilning iyul oyida, ya'ni kampaniya boshlanganidan sakkiz oy o'tgach, tadbirkor Jon Koudvell tomonidan 50 000 funt sterling xayriya qilindi shundan so'ng, barcha kerakli xarajatlarni qoplashga yetadigan 1 million funt yig'ildi^[13].

Qurilish ishlari

Yodgorlik Fransiyada ishlagan haykaltarosh Day tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan^[14]^[15]. Yodgorlik uchun 10 ta eng kattasining og'irligi 7000 kg tosh blok,Iordans konidan qazib olingan va keyin haykaltaroshning rejasiga muvofiq Basingstoke^[16] shahrida joylashgan stone CIRCLE zavodida kesilgan. Yodgorlikni loyihalash va qurishda Atkins dizayn muhandislari va Donald Insall Associates^[17]^[18] arxitektura firmasi a'zolari ishtirok etdi. Yodgorlik Vestminsterdagi Viktoriya qirgʻogʻidagi bogʻlarga, Temza daryosi va Buyuk Britaniya Mudofaa vazirligi shtab-kvartirasi oraligʻida, Ikkinchi jahon urushi va Koreya urushiga bagʻishlangan yodgorliklarga boy hududda oʻrnatildi^[19]^[20]^[21].

Yodgorlikning ochilishi

2017-yil 9-mart kuni yodgorlik Buyuk Britaniya qirolichasi Yelizaveta II tomonidan Edinburg gertsogi Filipp, Uels shahzodasi Charlz, Kornuoll gersoginyasi Kamilla, Kembrij gertsogi Uilyam, Kembrij gersoginyasi Ketrin ishtirokida ochildi. , Uels shahzodasi Genri, Buyuk Britaniya Bosh vaziri Tereza Mey va uning oʻtmishdoshlari Jon Meyjor, Toni Bleyr va Devid Kemeron, Mudofaa boʻyicha Davlat kotibi Maykl Fallon, hukumat vazirlari, jami 2500 ga yaqin odam, jumladan, faxriylar va ularning qarindoshlariochilish marosimida ishtirok etishdi^[22]^[23]^[24]^[25]^[26]^[27]. Ochilishdan oldin ot mingan faxriy qo'riqchilarining paradi va flot ruhoniysi muhtaram Ian Uitli^[28]^[29] tomonidan o'tkazilgan. Shundan so'ng, Britaniya Qirollik legioni^[30]^[31] tomonidan tashkil etilgan faxriylar va ularning oila a'zolari uchun ziyofat bo'lib o'tdi. Edinburg gertsogi marosimda yodgorlikdagi yozuvlarni ko'ra olmasligini ta'kidladi, shundan so'ng haykaltarosh Day bu kamchilikni tuzatishga va'da berdi^[32]. Qurbonlarning ba'zi qarindoshlari va do'stlari marosimga o'zlarini taklif qilinmagani, shuningdek, Buyuk Britaniyani Iroqdagi urushga kirgan Blerning ishtiroki tufayli tanqid qilishdi. Ilgari, harbiy bevalarning tanqidi tufayli Bosh vazir Mey palatadan kechirim so'rashga majbur bo'lgan edi^[33]</ref>. Yodgorlik g'oyasining o'zi ham tanqid qilindi; Afg'onistonda tug'ilgan The Independent gazetasi sharhlovchisi fikricha, hech qanday urush Iroqqa ham, Afg'onistonga ham barqarorlik keltirmagan, faqat bu mamlakatlarning ma'daniyati va turmush tarzini barbod qilgan^[34].

Kompozitsiya

Yodgorlik og'irligi 33 tonna va balandligi 19 fut (5,5 metr) bo'lgan Portlend toshining ikkita monolitidan iborat. Bir toshning bir tomoni tepasida “IRAQ” va ikkinchi tomonida “AFGHANISTAN” muhri, ikkinchi tomonida esa mos ravishda “SERVICE” va “DUTY” o'yma yozuvi bor. Har bir toshning yon tomonlari ataylab tugallanmagan holda qoldirilgan bo'lib, Iroq va Afg'onistonning toshloq yerlari, urushlarning qarama-qarshi natijalari va jamoatchilik o'rtasidagi bu boradagi bahs-munozaralarni anglatadi. Toshlar bir-biridan biroz uzoqlikda joylashgan bo'lib, jamoatchilik fikrining bo'linishiga ishora qiladi va shu bilan birga harbiy mavzudagi relyefli katta bronza medalyon bilan birlashtirilgan. Bir tomonda bir qator askarlar jangovar vaziyatda, ikkinchi tomondan esa Iroq va Afgʻoniston aholisiga, qariyalarga, ayollarga va bolalarga tibbiy va gumanitar yordam koʻrsatayotgan tinch aholi vakillari tasvirlangan. Shunga o'xshash yodgorliklardan farqli o'laroq, bu yodgorlik o'lganlarning ismlarini o'z ichiga olmaydi, shuning uchun u Buyuk Britaniyaga xizmat qilgan barcha harbiylar va fuqarolar uchun yodgorlikdir^[35]^[36]^[37]^[38]^[39]^[40]^[41].

Manbalar

Havolalar

„Iroq Afg'oniston yodgorligi»“. Buyuk Britaniya hukumati.

[1] ttps://www.gov.uk/government/topical-events/iraq-afghanistan-memorial/about

[2] ttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/mar/09/new-memorial-to-all-involved-in-iraq-and-afghanistan-conflicts

[3] ttps://news.sky.com/story/iraq-and-afghanistan-memorial-to-mark-25-years-of-war-10795187

[4] ttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/mar/09/new-memorial-to-all-involved-in-iraq-and-afghanistan-conflicts

[5] ttps://www.thesun.co.uk/archives/politics/495522/a-new-war-memorial-will-ensure-that-long-after-we-are-gone-our-generations-sacrifices-will-be-honoured/

[6] ttps://www.bbc.com/news/uk-29975355

[7] ttps://www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-iraq-and-afghanistan-memorial-official-brochure

[8] ttps://www.thesun.co.uk/archives/politics/495522/a-new-war-memorial-will-ensure-that-long-after-we-are-gone-our-generations-sacrifices-will-be-honoured/

[9] ttps://www.thesun.co.uk/archives/news/540285/dig-deep-for-the-desert-heroes/

[10] ttps://www.thesun.co.uk/archives/news/136922/do-your-duty-for-britains-desert-heroes/

[11] ttps://www.thesun.co.uk/archives/news/170012/750k-memorial-campaign-fund-soars-after-double-boost/

[12] ttps://www.gov.uk/government/news/libor-funding-flows-for-military-community

[13] ttps://www.thesun.co.uk/archives/politics/278550/victory-desert-heroes-get-their-memorial/

[14] ttps://www.thesun.co.uk/news/1420153/work-begins-on-1million-war-memorial-funded-by-sun-on-sunday-campaign/

[15] ttps://www.gov.uk/government/news/iraq-afghanistan-memorial-to-be-unveiled-in-london

[16] „arxiv nusxasi“. 2018-yil 22-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 3-iyun.

[17] ttps://www.atkinsglobal.com/en-gb/media-centre/news-releases/2017/mar/2017-03-09^{[sayt ishlamaydi]}

[18] ttps://www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-iraq-and-afghanistan-memorial-official-brochure

[19] ttps://www.gov.uk/government/news/iraq-and-afghanistan-memorial-unveiled-in-london

[20] ttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/mar/09/new-memorial-to-all-involved-in-iraq-and-afghanistan-conflicts

[21] ttps://www.bbc.com/news/uk-39202897

[22] ttps://www.gov.uk/government/news/iraq-and-afghanistan-memorial-unveiled-in-london

[23] ttps://www.gov.uk/government/news/dfid-staff-attend-unveiling-of-the-iraq-and-afghanistan-memorial

[24] ttps://www.forces.net/news/tri-service/queen-officially-unveils-iraq-and-afghanistan-memorial

[25] ttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/03/09/queen-unveil-national-memorial-service-iraq-afghanistan-wars/

[26] ttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/mar/09/new-memorial-to-all-involved-in-iraq-and-afghanistan-conflicts

[27] ttps://www.bbc.com/news/uk-39202897

[28] ttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/03/09/queen-unveil-national-memorial-service-iraq-afghanistan-wars/

[29] ttps://www.bbc.com/news/uk-39202897

[30] ttps://www.bbc.com/news/uk-39202897

[31] ttps://www.gov.uk/government/news/iraq-afghanistan-memorial-to-be-unveiled-in-london

[32] ttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/03/09/artist-may-tweak-new-iraq-afghanistan-memorial-duke-edinburgh/

[33] ttps://www.forces.net/news/tri-service/widows-slam-handling-iraq-afghanistan-memorial-unveiling<ref>

[34] ttps://www.independent.co.uk/voices/iraq-afghanistan-war-memorial-blair-destroyed-my-country-a7626906.html

[35] ttps://www.gov.uk/government/news/iraq-and-afghanistan-memorial-unveiled-in-london

[36] „arxiv nusxasi“. 2018-yil 22-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 3-iyun.

[37] ttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/mar/09/new-memorial-to-all-involved-in-iraq-and-afghanistan-conflicts

[38] ttps://www.bbc.com/news/uk-39202897

[39] ttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/03/09/queen-unveil-national-memorial-service-iraq-afghanistan-wars/

[40] ttps://www.independent.co.uk/voices/iraq-afghanistan-war-memorial-blair-destroyed-my-country-a7626906.html

[41] „arxiv nusxasi“. 2018-yil 23-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 3-iyun.

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